2,800 research outputs found
A Comment on the Degrees of Freedom in the Ashtekar Formulation for 2+1 Gravity
We show that the recent claim that the 2+1 dimensional Ashtekar formulation
for General Relativity has a finite number of physical degrees of freedom is
not correct.Comment: 6 pages LaTex, to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravit
Socio-economic and Demographic factors affecting the likelihood of being an overweight Korean woman
Using data from urban Korean women survey the study examines factors associated with the BMI >= 25, indicating overweight or obesity. Logit equation results identify low income, low education, household location and preference for convenience, sweet-tasting foods and home vegetable processing as characteristics linked to a high BMI.BMI, Overweight, Korea, Woman, Socio-economic factors, Health Economics and Policy,
KIF14 and E2F3 mRNA expression in human retinoblastoma and its phenotype association
Purpose: We quantified mRNA expression of candidate genes for proliferation (KIF14 and E2F3) in a large
retinoblastoma tumor cohort and associated with disease phenotype.
Methods: KIF14 and E2F3 mRNA expression was quantified by real time PCR in 57 retinoblastoma (RB) tumors, 3 RB
cell lines, and control samples that included 4 each fetal, age-matched, adult retinas. Immunohistochemistry was done to
confirm KIF14 and E2F3 protein expression in tumor cells. The mRNA expression levels were correlated with disease
phenotypes including the significance of chemotherapy on tumors.
Results: There was statistically significant overexpression of KIF14 and E2F3 mRNA in tumors compared with control
retinas (p<0.0001). Further, E2F3 also showed a significant overexpression compared to RB cell lines (p=0.01).
Immunohistochemistry confirmed KIF14 and E2F3 protein overexpression in tumor cells. KIF14 had significant mRNA
overexpression with older age (p=0.01) in presenting patients and in unilateral RB patients (p=0.04). Chemotherapytreated
tumors showed a significant decrease in KIF14 and E2F3 expression compared to untreated tumors (p<0.01 and
0.001, respectively).
Conclusions: This report confirms significant mRNA overexpression of KIF14 and E2F3 together in a large cohort of
RB tumors. The decreased expression in chemotherapy treated cases needs further validation in a large chemotherapytreated
cohort
On the resolution of the big bang singularity in isotropic Loop Quantum Cosmology
In contrast to previous work in the field, we construct the Loop Quantum
Cosmology (LQC) of the flat isotropic model with a massless scalar field in the
absence of higher order curvature corrections to the gravitational part of the
Hamiltonian constraint. The matter part of the constraint contains the inverse
triad operator which can be quantized with or without the use of a Thiemann-
like procedure. With the latter choice, we show that the LQC quantization is
identical to that of the standard Wheeler DeWitt theory (WDW) wherein there is
no singularity resolution. We argue that the former choice leads to singularity
resolution in the sense of a well defined, regular (backward) evolution through
and beyond the epoch where the size of the universe vanishes.
Our work along with that of the seminal work of Ashtekar, Pawlowski and Singh
(APS) clarifies the role, in singularity resolution, of the three `exotic'
structures in this LQC model, namely: curvature corrections, inverse triad
definitions and the `polymer' nature of the kinematic representation. We also
critically examine certain technical assumptions made by APS in their analysis
of WDW semiclassical states and point out some problems stemming from the
infrared behaviour of their wave functionsComment: 26 pages, no figure
Herpes Zoster Encephalitis: Successful Therapy with Vidarabine
A 77-year-old woman was seen who had encephalitis complicating trigeminal herpes zoster. Diagnosis was made by clinical and cerebrospinal fluid findings and electroencephalogram. As a result of parenteral vidarabine therapy, the patient recovered
A Four-Unit-Cell Periodic Pattern of Quasiparticle States Surrounding Vortex Cores in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d
Scanning tunneling microscopy is used to image the additional quasiparticle
states generated by quantized vortices in the high-Tc superconductor
Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d. They exhibit a Cu-O bond oriented 'checkerboard' pattern, with
four unit cell (4a0) periodicity and a ~30 angstrom decay length. These
electronic modulations may be related to the magnetic field-induced, 8a0
periodic, spin density modulations of decay length ~70 angstroms recently
discovered in La1.84Sr0.16CuO4. The proposed explanation is a spin density wave
localized surrounding each vortex core. General theoretical principles predict
that, in the cuprates, a localized spin modulation of wavelength L should be
associated with a corresponding electronic modulation of wavelength L/2, in
good agreement with our observations.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure
Utilisation of squid waste as meal
The squid waste which includes head, tentacles, viscera, fin, skin and pen amounts to 52% of the whole weight and is discarded at present. A method has been worked out for the conversion of squ.id waste into meal. The waste is boiled in salt solution (2%)/salt (2%) and alumn (0.5%) solution/and water for two minutes, drained and dried. All the dried samples including the control (dried without blanching) were analysed for physical and biochemical changes. Blanching reduced the yield but the product could be dried in a shorter period. The volatile bases were reduced significantly and the colour was improved. Blanching made pulverisation of the dried product easy. Pulverisation before drying yielded a granular product
Simple model for scanning tunneling spectroscopy of noble metal surfaces with adsorbed Kondo impurities
A simple model is introduced to describe conductance measurements between a
scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip and a noble metal surface with adsorbed
transition metal atoms which display the Kondo effect. The model assumes a
realistic parameterization of the potential created by the surface and a
d3z2-r2 orbital for the description of the adsorbate. Fano lineshapes
associated with the Kondo resonance are found to be sensitive to details of the
adsorbate-substrate interaction. For instance, bringing the adsorbate closer to
the surface leads to more asymmetric lineshapes while their dependence on the
tip distance is weak. We find that it is important to use a realistic surface
potential, to properly include the tunnelling matrix elements to the tip and to
use substrate states which are orthogonal to the adsorbate and tip states. An
application of our model to Co adsorbed on Cu explains the difference in the
lineshapes observed between Cu(100) and Cu(111) surfaces.Comment: 11 pages, 8 eps figure
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